In the Catechism, we learn that Jesus’ command to repeat his actions and words is not only a call to remember him, but a directive to celebrate liturgically the memorial of his life, death, Resurrection, and intercession before the Father. From the Church’s earliest days, Christians have gathered on Sunday, the day of Jesus’ Resurrection, to break bread. This celebration has continued throughout the Church’s history and remains the center of the Church’s life, proclaiming the Paschal mystery until he comes. The Eucharistic liturgy has a fundamental structure: the Liturgy of the Word and the Liturgy of the Eucharist, which together form one single act of worship. As the pilgrim People of God celebrates from gathering to gathering, we continue along the way of the cross toward the heavenly banquet in the kingdom.
In the celebration of the Eucharist, Christians gather in one place, with Christ himself as the principal agent who presides invisibly. The bishop or priest presides in the person of Christ the head, while all take active parts in the celebration: readers proclaim, gifts are brought forward, Communion is given, and the people’s “Amen” expresses their participation. In the Liturgy of the Word, the Church hears the Old Testament, the apostles’ letters, and the Gospels, then is exhorted to receive God’s Word and put it into practice, praying also for all people. At the Offertory, bread and wine are brought to the altar, and Christians also bring gifts to share with those in need. In the Eucharistic Prayer, the Church asks the Father to send the Holy Spirit so that bread and wine become Christ’s body and blood. As the faithful receive the bread of heaven and cup of salvation, they share in the Eucharist celebrated in communion with the whole Church in heaven and on earth, the living and the dead.
The sacrament of Penance, instituted by Christ, offers sinful members of the Church—especially those who have fallen into grave sin after Baptism—a new possibility for conversion and for recovering the grace of justification. Over time, its celebration developed from rigorous public penance to the private practice of confession between penitent and priest, making repeated reception possible and bringing forgiveness of grave and venial sins into one sacramental celebration. Its essential structure joins the penitent’s acts of conversion—contrition, confession, and satisfaction—with God’s action through the Church, which forgives sins in the name of Jesus Christ, prays for the sinner, and helps restore ecclesial communion. As we prepare for Penance, we can prayerfully examine our conscience in the light of God’s Word, especially the Gospels and apostolic teachings, with sorrow for sin and a resolve not to sin again.